Difference between revisions of "Waltharius380"

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===Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)===
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{|
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|-
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|[[Iam]] [[princeps]] [[nimia]] [[succenditur]] [[efferus]] [[ira]],
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|380
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|
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|{{Parallel|Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 150: ''succenditur effera. '' ‘Wild passion fires her.’ ''Liber Hester'' 1.12: ''unde iratus rex et nimio furore succensus . . .''’Whereupon the king, being angry, and inflamed with a very great fury. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|[[Mutant]] [[laetitiam]] [[maerentia]] [[corda1|corda]] [[priorem]].
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|-
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|[[Ex]] [[humeris]] [[trabeam]] [[discindit]] [[ad]] [[infima]] [[totam]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Secundum Mattheum'' 26.65: ''princeps sacerdotum scidit vestimenta sua.'' ‘The high priest rent his garments.’ ''Aeneid'' 5.685:'' tum pius Aeneas humeris abscindere vestem. '' ‘Then loyal Aeneas rent the garment from his shoulders.’ 11.334: ''sellam regni trabeamque insignia nostri. . .'' ‘A throne and robe, signs of our royalty. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
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|-
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|[[Et]] [[nunc]] [[huc]] [[animum]] [[tristem]], [[nunc]] [[dividit]] [[illuc]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 4.285, 8.20: ''utque animum nunc huc celerem, nunc dividit illuc. . .'' ‘And as he casts his swift mind this way and that. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Ac]] [[velut]] [[Aeolicis]] [[turbatur]] [[arena]] [[procellis]],
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 5.790-791.: ''maria omnia caelo/ miscuit, Aeoliis nequiquam freta procellis.'' ‘All the seas she mingled with the sky, in vain relying on the storms of Aeolus.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Sic]] [[intestinis]] [[rex]] [[fluctuat]] [[undique]] [[curis]],
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|385
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 8.19: ''magno curarum fluctuat aestu. '' ‘He tosses on a mighty sea of troubles.’ 4.532: ''magnoque irarum fluctuat aestu.'' ‘She heaves with a mighty tide of passion.’ 4.564: ''variosque irarum concitat aestus.'' ‘She awakens the swirling surge of passion.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Et]] [[varium]] [[pectus]] [[vario]] [[simul]] [[ore1|ore]] [[imitatus]],
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Pectus'': i.e., emotional state
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}}
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|
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS|elision=ore imitatus}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Prodidit]] [[exterius]], [[quicquid1|quicquid]] [[toleraverat]] [[intus]],
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
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|-
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|[[Iraque]] [[sermonem]] [[permisit]] [[promere]] [[nullum]].
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Ipso]] [[quippe]] [[die]] [[potum]] [[fastidit1|fastidit]] [[et]] [[escam]],
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|-
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|[[Nec]] [[placidam]] [[membris]] [[potuit]] [[dare]] [[cura1|cura]] [[quietem]].
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|390
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.5:'' nec placidam membris dat cura quietem.'' ‘Longing witholds calm rest from her limbs.’ 1.691-692.: ''placidam per membra quietem/ inrigat. '' ‘She pours gentle repose over the limbs.’ 8.30: ''seramque dedit per membra quietem. '' ‘He let sleep at last steal over his limbs.’ 10.217: ''neque enim membris dat cura quietem.'' ‘Care allows no rest to his limbs.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|-
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|[[Namque]] [[ubi]] [[nox]] [[rebus]] [[iam]] [[dempserat]] [[atra]] [[colores]],
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 6.272: ''rebus nox abstulit atra colorem.'' ‘Black night has stolen from the world her hues.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=namque ubi}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Decidit]] [[in]] [[lectum]], [[verus]] [[nec]] [[lumina]] [[clausit]],
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Liber I Macchabeorum ''1.6, 6.8: '' decidit in lectum. '' ‘He fell down upon his bed.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Nunc]] [[latus]] [[in]] [[dextrum1|dextrum]] [[fultus]] [[nunc]] [[in]]que s[[in]]istrum,
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Eclogue'' 6.53: ''ille latus niveum molli fultus hyacintho. . .'' ‘He, pillowing his snowy side on soft hyacinths. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Et]] [[veluti]] [[iaculo]] [[pectus]] [[transfixus]] [[acuto]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 11.574: ''iaculo palmas armavit acuto.'' ‘He armed her hands with a pointed lance.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|-
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|[[Palpitat]] [[atque]] [[caput]] [[huc]] [[et]] [[mox]] [[iactitat]] [[illuc]],
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|395
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|-
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|[[Et]] [[modo]] [[subrectus]] [[fulcro]] [[consederat]] [[amens]].
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|-
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|[[Nec]] [[iuvat]] [[hoc6|hoc]], [[demum]] [[surgens]] [[discurro]] [[in]] [[urbe]],
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 4.68-69.: ''uritur infelix Dido totaque vagatur/ urbe furens. '' ‘Unhappy Dido burns, and through the city wanders in frenzy.’ 7.377: ''sine more furit lymphata per urbem.'' ‘In wild frenzy she rages from end to end of the city.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Atque]] [[thorum]] [[veniens1|veniens]] [[simul]] [[attigit]] [[atque]] [[reliquit1|reliquit]].
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Thorum equiv. to torum''
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}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS|falsequantities=atque thorum?}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Taliter]] [[insomnem]] [[consumpserat]] [[Attila]] [[noctem]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 9.166-167.: ''noctem custodia ducit/ insomnem.'' ‘The guards spend the sleepless night.’ ''Liber Hester'' 6.1: ''noctem illam rex duxit insomnem.'' ‘That night the king passed without sleep.’ ''Aeineid'' 2.795: ''consumpta nocte. . .'' ‘When night is spent. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[At]] [[profugi]] [[comites]] [[per]] [[amica]] [[silentia]] [[euntes]]
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|400
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 2.255: ''tacitae per amica silentia lunae. . .'' ‘Amid the friendly silence of the mute moon. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDDDS|elision=silentia euntes}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Suspectam]] [[properant]] [[post1|post]] [[terga]] [[relinquere]] [[terram]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 3.550: ''suspectaque linquimus arva.'' ‘We leave the fields we distrust.’ Ovid, ''Metamorphoses ''2.187: ''multum caeli post terga relictum. '' ‘Much of the sky is now behind him.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|-
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|[[Vix]] [[tamen]] [[erupit]] [[cras]], [[rex]] [[patribusque]] [[vocatis]]
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Vix…erupit cras'' equiv. to ''postridie, prima luce''
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Isaias Propheta ''58.8: ''erumpet quasi mane lumen tuum.'' ‘Then shall thy light break forth as the morning.’ ''Aeineid'' 11.379: ''patribusque vocati. . .'' ‘When the senate is summoned. . .’
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}}
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS}}
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|-
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|[[Dixerat]]: '[[o]] [[si]] [[quis2|quis]] [[mihi]] [[Waltharium]] [[fugientem]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|Statius, ''Thebaid ''8.739-740.: ''o caput, o mihi si quis/ adportet, Melanippe, tuum! '' ‘Thy head, O Melanippus, could one but bring me that!’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Afferat]] [[evinctum]] [[ceu]] [[nequam]] [[forte]] [[liciscam]]!
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Liciscam'': “wolf-dog,” the product of interbreeding.
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}}
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|{{Parallel|Statius, ''Thebaid ''8.739-740.: ''o caput, o mihi si quis/ adportet, Melanippe, tuum! '' ‘Thy head, O Melanippus, could one but bring me that!’
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<br />''Eclogue'' 3.18: ''multum latrante Lycisca. . .'' ‘While the mongrel barked madly. . .’ ''evinctus: Aeineid'' 5.269, 5.364, 5.494, 5.774.
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[hunc2|Hunc]] [[ego]] [[mox]] [[auro]] [[vestirem]] [[saepe]] [[recocto]]
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|405
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|{{Commentary|''Auro'': Attila seems to allude to custom among Germanic tribes of allowing a murderer to escape justice if he covered his victim’s body in gold; here a living man will be covered in gold if he brings Waltharius back alive. Attila’s promise of a reward, repeated thrice in varied form, in fact has something sinister and even threatening about it.<br />''Recocto'': “refined”
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 8.624: ''levis ocreas electro auroque recocto. . .'' ‘The smooth greaves of electrum and refined gold. . .’ ''Liber Exodi'' 30.3: ''vesties illud auro purissimo. '' ‘And thou shalt overlay it with the purest gold.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|-
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|[[Et]] [[tellure1|tellure]] [[quidem]] [[stantem]] [[hinc]] [[inde]] [[onerarem]]
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS|elision=inde onerarem|hiatus=stantem hinc}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Atque]] [[viam]] [[penitus]] [[clausissem]] [[vivo]] [[talentis]].
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Clausissem'' equiv. to ''clauderem''
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|-
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|[[sed1|Sed]] [[nullus]] [[fuit]] [[in]] [[tanta]] [[regione1|regione]] [[tyrannus]]
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Tyrannus'': apparently “prince” or a neighboring “king.”
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714-715.: ''iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. '' ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’
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<br />''Liber Hester ''6.9: ''primus de regis principibus ac tyrannis''. . . ‘The first of the king’s princes and nobles. . .’ ''Aeineid'' 4.320: ''Nomadumque tyranni. . .'' ‘The Numidian chiefs. . .’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Vel]] [[dux]] [[sive]] [[comes]] [[seu]] [[miles]] [[sive]] [[minister]],
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Dux…comes…miles…minister'': continues the series of various positions at the royal court in descending order of rank. A “duke” among the Franks was an administrator who oversaw a number of smaller regions placed under “counts,” beneath whom came “free vassals” and finally “servants.”
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714-715.: ''iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. '' ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[qui3|Qui]], [[quamvis]] [[cuperet]] [[proprias]] [[ostendere]] [[vires1|vires]]
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|410
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714-715.: ''iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. '' ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Ac]] [[virtute]] [[sua]] [[laudem]] [[captare]] [[perennem]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714-715.: ''iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. '' ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Ambiretque]] [[simul]] [[gazam]] [[infarcire]] [[cruminis]],
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|
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|{{Commentary|''Ambiret'' equiv. to ''studeret''<br />''Infarcire cruminis'': “to stuff his money-pouches”
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}}
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714-715.: ''iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. '' ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’
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<br />Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 459-460.: ''iuvat infercire cruminis/ turpe lucrum.'' ‘She delights to stuff her base gain in money-bags.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDDSDS|hiatus=NOT H-HIATUS: gazam infarcire}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Waltharium]] [[tamen]] [[iratum]] [[praesumpserit]] [[armis]]
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714-715.: ''iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. '' ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Insequier]] [[strictoque]] [[virum]] [[mucrone]] [[videre]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 10.714-715.: ''iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. '' ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’
 +
<br />''Aeineid'' 10.714: ''non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro. '' ‘None had heart to meet him with drawn sword.’ 2.449: ''strictis muconibus. . .'' ‘With drawn swords. . .’ 10.651-652.: ''strictumque coruscat/ mucronem. '' ‘He brandishes his naked blade.’ 12.663-664.: ''strictisque seges mucronibus horret/ ferrea. '' ‘A harvest of steel bristles with drawn swords.’ Statius, ''Thebaid'' 10.486:'' horrendi  stricto mucrone furores. '' ‘Terrible is the fury of my drawn sword.’
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}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Nota]] [[equidem]] [[virtus]], [[experti sunt]] [[quoque]], [[quantas]]
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|415
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.526-527.: ''quas ibi tum ferro strages, quae funera Turnus/ ediderit.'' ‘. . .While I sing what slaughter, what deaths Turnus dealt on that day.’ 9.784-785.: ''tantas strages impune per urbem/ ediderit?'' ‘Shall he deal such carnage thoughout the city and go unpunished?’
 +
}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=nota equidem}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Incolumis]] [[dederit1|dederit]] [[strages]] [[sine]] [[vulnere]] [[victor]].
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|
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|
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.526-527.: ''quas ibi tum ferro strages, quae funera Turnus/ ediderit.'' ‘. . .While I sing what slaughter, what deaths Turnus dealt on that day.’ 9.784-785.: ''tantas strages impune per urbem/ ediderit?'' ‘Shall he deal such carnage thoughout the city and go unpunished?’
 +
}}
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|
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSDDS}}
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|
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|-
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|[[Nec]] [[potis est]] [[ullum2|ullum]] [[rex]] [[persuadere]] [[virorum]],
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS}}
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|[[qui3|Qui]] [[promissa]] [[velit]] [[hac1|hac]] [[condicione]] [[talenta]].
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|{{Meter|scansion=SDSDDS}}
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|-
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|}
 
<hr />
 
<hr />
  
Line 4: Line 360:
 
|[[Waltharius358|« previous]]
 
|[[Waltharius358|« previous]]
 
|{{Outline|
 
|{{Outline|
−
* Prologue
+
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
−
* Introduction: the Huns (1–12)
+
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
 
* The Huns (13–418)
 
* The Huns (13–418)
−
** The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)
+
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
−
** The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)
+
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
−
** The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)
+
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
−
** Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)
+
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
−
** Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)
+
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
−
** Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)
+
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
−
** Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)
+
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
−
** Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)
+
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
 
** The Escape (215–418)
 
** The Escape (215–418)
−
*** Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)
+
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
−
*** Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)
+
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
−
*** Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)
+
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
−
*** Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)
+
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
−
*** The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)
+
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
 
*** '''Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)'''
 
*** '''Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)'''
 
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
 
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
 
** Diplomacy (419–639)
 
** Diplomacy (419–639)
−
*** Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)
+
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
−
*** Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)
+
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
−
*** Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)
+
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
−
*** Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)
+
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
−
*** Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)
+
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
−
*** Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)
+
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
−
*** Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)
+
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
−
*** Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)
+
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
 
** Combat (640–1061)
 
** Combat (640–1061)
−
*** 1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)
+
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
−
*** 2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)
+
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
−
*** Gunther encourages his men (720–724)
+
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
−
*** 3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)
+
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
−
*** 4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)
+
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
−
*** 5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)
+
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
−
*** Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)
+
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
−
*** 6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)
+
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
−
*** 7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)
+
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
−
*** Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)
+
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
−
*** 8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)
+
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
−
*** Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)
+
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
 
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
 
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
−
** Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)
+
** [[Waltharius1062|Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)]]
−
** Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)
+
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
−
** Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)
+
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
−
** The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)
+
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
−
** Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)
+
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
−
** Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)
+
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
−
** The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)
+
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
−
** Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)
+
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
−
** Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)
+
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
−
** Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)
+
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
−
** The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)
+
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
−
* Epilogue (1453–1456)}}
+
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
 
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|[[Waltharius419|next »]]
 
|[[Waltharius419|next »]]

Latest revision as of 22:22, 28 August 2009

Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)

Iam princeps nimia succenditur efferus ira, 380  Prudentius, Psychomachia 150: succenditur effera. ‘Wild passion fires her.’ Liber Hester 1.12: unde iratus rex et nimio furore succensus . . .’Whereupon the king, being angry, and inflamed with a very great fury. . .’

 

 SDSDDS 
Mutant laetitiam maerentia corda priorem.  SDSDDS 
Ex humeris trabeam discindit ad infima totam  Secundum Mattheum 26.65: princeps sacerdotum scidit vestimenta sua. ‘The high priest rent his garments.’ Aeneid 5.685: tum pius Aeneas humeris abscindere vestem. ‘Then loyal Aeneas rent the garment from his shoulders.’ 11.334: sellam regni trabeamque insignia nostri. . . ‘A throne and robe, signs of our royalty. . .’

 

 DDSDDS 
Et nunc huc animum tristem, nunc dividit illuc.  Aeneid 4.285, 8.20: utque animum nunc huc celerem, nunc dividit illuc. . . ‘And as he casts his swift mind this way and that. . .’

 

 SDSSDS 
Ac velut Aeolicis turbatur arena procellis,  Aeineid 5.790-791.: maria omnia caelo/ miscuit, Aeoliis nequiquam freta procellis. ‘All the seas she mingled with the sky, in vain relying on the storms of Aeolus.’

 

 DDSDDS 
Sic intestinis rex fluctuat undique curis, 385  Aeineid 8.19: magno curarum fluctuat aestu. ‘He tosses on a mighty sea of troubles.’ 4.532: magnoque irarum fluctuat aestu. ‘She heaves with a mighty tide of passion.’ 4.564: variosque irarum concitat aestus. ‘She awakens the swirling surge of passion.’

 

 SSSDDS 
Et varium pectus vario simul ore imitatus,  Pectus: i.e., emotional state

 

 DSDDDS
Elision: ore imitatus 
Prodidit exterius, quicquid toleraverat intus,  DDSDDS 
Iraque sermonem permisit promere nullum.  DSSSDS 
Ipso quippe die potum fastidit et escam,  SDSSDS 
Nec placidam membris potuit dare cura quietem. 390  Aeineid 4.5: nec placidam membris dat cura quietem. ‘Longing witholds calm rest from her limbs.’ 1.691-692.: placidam per membra quietem/ inrigat. ‘She pours gentle repose over the limbs.’ 8.30: seramque dedit per membra quietem. ‘He let sleep at last steal over his limbs.’ 10.217: neque enim membris dat cura quietem. ‘Care allows no rest to his limbs.’

 

 DSDDDS 
Namque ubi nox rebus iam dempserat atra colores,  Aeineid 6.272: rebus nox abstulit atra colorem. ‘Black night has stolen from the world her hues.’

 

 DSSDDS
Elision: namque ubi 
Decidit in lectum, verus nec lumina clausit,  Liber I Macchabeorum 1.6, 6.8: decidit in lectum. ‘He fell down upon his bed.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Nunc latus in dextrum fultus nunc inque sinistrum,  Eclogue 6.53: ille latus niveum molli fultus hyacintho. . . ‘He, pillowing his snowy side on soft hyacinths. . .’

 

 DSSSDS 
Et veluti iaculo pectus transfixus acuto  Aeineid 11.574: iaculo palmas armavit acuto. ‘He armed her hands with a pointed lance.’

 

 DDSSDS 
Palpitat atque caput huc et mox iactitat illuc, 395  DDSSDS 
Et modo subrectus fulcro consederat amens.  DSSSDS 
Nec iuvat hoc, demum surgens discurro in urbe,  Aeineid 4.68-69.: uritur infelix Dido totaque vagatur/ urbe furens. ‘Unhappy Dido burns, and through the city wanders in frenzy.’ 7.377: sine more furit lymphata per urbem. ‘In wild frenzy she rages from end to end of the city.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Atque thorum veniens simul attigit atque reliquit.  Thorum equiv. to torum

 

 DDDDDS
False quantities: atque thorum? 
Taliter insomnem consumpserat Attila noctem.  Aeineid 9.166-167.: noctem custodia ducit/ insomnem. ‘The guards spend the sleepless night.’ Liber Hester 6.1: noctem illam rex duxit insomnem. ‘That night the king passed without sleep.’ Aeineid 2.795: consumpta nocte. . . ‘When night is spent. . .’

 

 DSSDDS 
At profugi comites per amica silentia euntes 400  Aeineid 2.255: tacitae per amica silentia lunae. . . ‘Amid the friendly silence of the mute moon. . .’

 

 DDDDDS
Elision: silentia euntes 
Suspectam properant post terga relinquere terram.  Aeineid 3.550: suspectaque linquimus arva. ‘We leave the fields we distrust.’ Ovid, Metamorphoses 2.187: multum caeli post terga relictum. ‘Much of the sky is now behind him.’

 

 SDSDDS 
Vix tamen erupit cras, rex patribusque vocatis  Vix…erupit cras equiv. to postridie, prima luce

 

 Isaias Propheta 58.8: erumpet quasi mane lumen tuum. ‘Then shall thy light break forth as the morning.’ Aeineid 11.379: patribusque vocati. . . ‘When the senate is summoned. . .’

 

 DSSDDS 
Dixerat: 'o si quis mihi Waltharium fugientem  Statius, Thebaid 8.739-740.: o caput, o mihi si quis/ adportet, Melanippe, tuum! ‘Thy head, O Melanippus, could one but bring me that!’

 

 DSDDDS 
Afferat evinctum ceu nequam forte liciscam!  Liciscam: “wolf-dog,” the product of interbreeding.

 

 Statius, Thebaid 8.739-740.: o caput, o mihi si quis/ adportet, Melanippe, tuum! ‘Thy head, O Melanippus, could one but bring me that!’


Eclogue 3.18: multum latrante Lycisca. . . ‘While the mongrel barked madly. . .’ evinctus: Aeineid 5.269, 5.364, 5.494, 5.774.  

 DSSSDS 
Hunc ego mox auro vestirem saepe recocto 405  Auro: Attila seems to allude to custom among Germanic tribes of allowing a murderer to escape justice if he covered his victim’s body in gold; here a living man will be covered in gold if he brings Waltharius back alive. Attila’s promise of a reward, repeated thrice in varied form, in fact has something sinister and even threatening about it.
Recocto: “refined”

 

 Aeineid 8.624: levis ocreas electro auroque recocto. . . ‘The smooth greaves of electrum and refined gold. . .’ Liber Exodi 30.3: vesties illud auro purissimo. ‘And thou shalt overlay it with the purest gold.’

 

 DSSSDS 
Et tellure quidem stantem hinc inde onerarem  SDSSDS
Elision: inde onerarem
Hiatus: stantem hinc 
Atque viam penitus clausissem vivo talentis.  Clausissem equiv. to clauderem

 

 DDSSDS 
Sed nullus fuit in tanta regione tyrannus  Tyrannus: apparently “prince” or a neighboring “king.”

 

 Aeineid 10.714-715.: iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’


Liber Hester 6.9: primus de regis principibus ac tyrannis. . . ‘The first of the king’s princes and nobles. . .’ Aeineid 4.320: Nomadumque tyranni. . . ‘The Numidian chiefs. . .’  

 SDSDDS 
Vel dux sive comes seu miles sive minister,  Dux…comes…miles…minister: continues the series of various positions at the royal court in descending order of rank. A “duke” among the Franks was an administrator who oversaw a number of smaller regions placed under “counts,” beneath whom came “free vassals” and finally “servants.”

 

 Aeineid 10.714-715.: iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’

 

 SDSSDS 
Qui, quamvis cuperet proprias ostendere vires 410  Aeineid 10.714-715.: iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’

 

 SDDSDS 
Ac virtute sua laudem captare perennem  Aeineid 10.714-715.: iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’

 

 SDSSDS 
Ambiretque simul gazam infarcire cruminis,  Ambiret equiv. to studeret
Infarcire cruminis: “to stuff his money-pouches”

 

 Aeineid 10.714-715.: iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’


Prudentius, Psychomachia 459-460.: iuvat infercire cruminis/ turpe lucrum. ‘She delights to stuff her base gain in money-bags.’  

 SDDSDS
Hiatus: NOT H-HIATUS: gazam infarcire 
Waltharium tamen iratum praesumpserit armis  Aeineid 10.714-715.: iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’

 

 DDSSDS 
Insequier strictoque virum mucrone videre.  Aeineid 10.714-715.: iustae quibus est Mezentius irae,/ non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro,/ missilibus longe et vasto clamore lacessunt. ‘Of all those who had righteous hatred of Mezentius, none had heart to meet him with drawn sword; from a distance they provoke him with missiles and far-echoing shouts.’


Aeineid 10.714: non ulli est animus stricto concurrere ferro. ‘None had heart to meet him with drawn sword.’ 2.449: strictis muconibus. . . ‘With drawn swords. . .’ 10.651-652.: strictumque coruscat/ mucronem. ‘He brandishes his naked blade.’ 12.663-664.: strictisque seges mucronibus horret/ ferrea. ‘A harvest of steel bristles with drawn swords.’ Statius, Thebaid 10.486: horrendi stricto mucrone furores. ‘Terrible is the fury of my drawn sword.’  

 DSDSDS 
Nota equidem virtus, experti sunt quoque, quantas 415  Aeneid 9.526-527.: quas ibi tum ferro strages, quae funera Turnus/ ediderit. ‘. . .While I sing what slaughter, what deaths Turnus dealt on that day.’ 9.784-785.: tantas strages impune per urbem/ ediderit? ‘Shall he deal such carnage thoughout the city and go unpunished?’

 

 DSSSDS
Elision: nota equidem 
Incolumis dederit strages sine vulnere victor.  Aeneid 9.526-527.: quas ibi tum ferro strages, quae funera Turnus/ ediderit. ‘. . .While I sing what slaughter, what deaths Turnus dealt on that day.’ 9.784-785.: tantas strages impune per urbem/ ediderit? ‘Shall he deal such carnage thoughout the city and go unpunished?’

 

 DDSDDS 
Nec potis est ullum rex persuadere virorum,  DSSSDS 
Qui promissa velit hac condicione talenta.  SDSDDS 
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