Editing Waltharius1062

===Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)===
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|[[his2|His]] [[rex]] [[infelix]] [[visis]] [[suspirat]] [[et]] [[omni1|omni]]
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 3.172: ''talibus attonitus visis. . . '' ‘Awed by this vision. . .’
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|[[Aufugiens]] [[studio]] [[falerati]] [[terga]] [[caballi]]
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|{{Parallel|''Georgics'' 3.318: ''omni studio. . .'' ‘The more zealously. . .’ Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 195-196.: ''phaleratum/ circumflectit equum. '' ‘She circles round on her bedecked steed.’
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDDSDS}}
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|[[Scandit]] [[et]] [[ad]] [[maestum]] [[citius]] [[Haganona]] [[volavit]]
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDDDS}}
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|[[Omnimodisque]] [[illum2|illum]] [[precibus]] [[flexisse]] [[sategit]],
|1065
|{{Commentary|''Flexisse sategit equiv. to flectere studuit''
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 2.689: ''precibus si flecteris ullis. . .'' ‘If you are moved by any prayers. . .’ 
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSDSDS|elision=omnimodisque illum}}
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|[[ut1|Ut]] [[secum]] [[pergens]] [[pugnam]] [[repararet]].  [[at]] [[ille3|ille]]:
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|{{Meter|scansion=SSSDDS}}
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|[[me1|Me]] [[genus1|genus]] [[infandum]] [[prohibet]] [[bellare]] [[parentum]],
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|{{Commentary|''Genus infandum'': in this speech Hagen sarcastically recalls the king’s insults about his father (cf. lines 629-631).
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|[[Et]] [[gelidus]] [[sanguis]] [[mentem]] [[mihi]] [[ademit]] [[in]] [[armis]].
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 3.30: ''gelidusque coit formidine sanguis. '' ‘My chilled blood freezes with terror.’ 3.259-260.: ''at sociis subita gelidus formidine sanguis/ deriguit. '' ‘But my comrades’ blood chilled and froze with sudden fear.’
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSDDS|elision=mihi ademit}}
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|[[Tabescebat]] [[enim]] [[genitor]], [[dum1|dum]] [[tela]] [[videret]],
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|[[Et]] [[timidus]] [[multis2|multis]] [[renuebat]] [[proelia]] [[verbis]]:
|1070
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|[[Haec]] [[dum1|dum]] [[iactasses]], [[rex1|rex]], [[inter]] [[te5|te]] [[comitantes]],
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|{{Parallel|''Aeineid'' 1.102: ''talia iactanti. . .'' ‘As he flings forth such words. . .’
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|[[Extitit]] [[indignum]] [[nostri2|nostri]] [[tibi1|tibi]] [[quippe]] [[iuvamen]].'
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|{{Commentary|''Nostri'': With ''iuvamen'', equivalent to ''nostrum''. Or perhaps with ''indignum'' (cf. Aen. 12.649: ''indignus avorum''); in the latter case ''tibi'' would have to be taken closely with ''iuvamen''. 
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|[[ille3|Ille]] [[recusanti]] [[precibus]] [[nihilominus]] [[instans]]
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|{{Commentary|''Ille equiv. to rex''
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|[[talibus1|Talibus]] [[aversum]] [[satagit]] [[revocare]] [[loquelis]]:
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|[[deprecor1|Deprecor]] [[ob]] [[superos]], [[conceptum]] [[pone]] [[furorem]].
|1075
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 4.501-502.: ''tantos mente furores/ concipit. '' ‘Her mind dreams not of such frenzy.’
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|[[Iram]] [[de]] [[nostra]] [[contractam]] [[decute]] [[culpa]],
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|[[quam2|Quam]] [[vita]] [[comitante]], [[domum]] [[si]] [[venero]] [[tecum1|tecum]],
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|[[Impensis]] [[tibimet]] [[benefactis]] [[diluo]] [[multis1|multis]].
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|[[Nonne]] [[pudet]] [[sociis]] [[tot]] [[cognatisque]] [[peremptis]]
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|[[Dissimulare]] [[virum]]?  [[magis]], [[ut1|ut]] [[mihi]] [[quippe]] [[videtur]],
|1080
|{{Commentary|''Dissimulare virum equiv. to simulare feminam''
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|{{Parallel|Ovid, ''Ars Amatoria'' 1.690: ''veste virum longa dissimulatus erat.'' ‘He had disguised his manhood in a woman’s robe.’
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|[[verba1|Verba]] [[valent]] [[animum]] [[quam]] [[facta3|facta]] [[nefanda]] [[movere]].
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|[[Iustius]] [[in]] [[saevum]] [[tumuisses]] [[mente]] [[tyrannum]],
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|[[qui3|Qui]] [[solus]] [[hodie]] [[caput]] [[infamaverat]] [[orbis1|orbis]].
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|{{Commentary|''Caput…orbis'': the poet alludes to the situation of his own time, the era of Charlemagne, when the Frankish kings really had such a status.
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|[[Non]] [[modicum]] [[patimur]] [[dammum]] [[de]] [[caede]] [[virorum]],
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 11.634: ''caede virorum. . .'' ‘With the slaughter of the riders. . .’
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|{{Meter|scansion=DDSSDS}}
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|[[Dedecus]] [[at]] [[tantum]] [[superabit]] [[Francia]] [[numquam]].
|1085
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 10.681: ''ob tantum dedecus amens. . .'' ‘In madness because of disgrace so foul. . .’
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|[[Antea]] [[quis4|quis]] [[fuimus]] [[suspecti]], [[sibila]] [[dantes]]
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|{{Commentary|''Quis equiv. to quibus''<br />''Suspecti'': “feared”
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|[[Francorum]] [[dicent]] [[exercitus]] [[omnis1|omnis]] [[ab]] [[uno1|uno]],
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.783-784.: ''unus homo et vestris, o cives, undique saeptus/ aggeribus tantas strages impune per urbem/ ediderit?'' ‘My countrymen, shall one man, hemmed in on every side by your ramparts, deal such carnage throughout the city and go unpunished?’
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|[[Proh]] [[pudor]] [[ignotum]] [[vel]] [[quo5|quo]], [[est_necatus|est]] [[impune]] [[est_necatus|necatus]]!
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|{{Parallel|''Aeneid'' 9.783-784.: ''unus homo et vestris, o cives, undique saeptus/ aggeribus tantas strages impune per urbem/ ediderit?'' ‘My countrymen, shall one man, hemmed in on every side by your ramparts, deal such carnage throughout the city and go unpunished?’
<br />Prudentius, ''Psychomachia'' 353: ''pro pudor. . .'' ‘For shame!’
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|{{Meter|scansion=DSSSDS|elision=quo est}}
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<hr />

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|[[Waltharius981|« previous]]
|{{Outline|
* [[WalthariusPrologue|Prologue]]
* [[Waltharius1|Introduction: the Huns (1–12)]]
* The Huns (13–418)
** [[Waltharius13|The Franks under Gibich surrender to Attila, giving Hagen as a hostage (13–33)]]
** [[Waltharius34|The Burgundians under Hereric surrender to Attila, giving Hildegund as a hostage (34–74)]]
** [[Waltharius75|The Aquitainians under Alphere surrender to Attila, giving Walther as a hostage (75–92)]]
** [[Waltharius93|Experience of the hostages at Attila’s court (93–115)]]
** [[Waltharius116|Death of Gibich, flight of Hagen (116–122)]]
** [[Waltharius123|Attila’s queen Ospirin advises her husband to ensure Walther’s loyalty by arranging a marriage (123–141)]]
** [[Waltharius142|Walther rejects Attila’s offer of a bride (142–169)]]
** [[Waltharius170|Walther leads the army of the Huns to victory in battle (170–214)]]
** The Escape (215–418)
*** [[Waltharius215|Walther returns from battle and encounters Hildegund (215–255)]]
*** [[Waltharius256|Walther reveals to Hildegund his plans for escaping with Attila’s treasure (256–286)]]
*** [[Waltharius287|Walther hosts a luxurious banquet for Attila’s court; eventually all his intoxicated guests fall asleep (287–323)]]
*** [[Waltharius324|Flight of Walther and Hildegund from Attila’s court (324–357)]]
*** [[Waltharius358|The following day, the escape of Walther and Hildegund is discovered by Ospirin (358–379)]]
*** [[Waltharius380|Attila is infuriated and vows revenge on Walther, but can find no one willing to dare to pursue him, even for a large reward (380–418)]]
* The Single Combats (419–1061)
** Diplomacy (419–639)
*** [[Waltharius419|Flight of Walther and Hildegund to the area of Worms (419–435)]]
*** [[Waltharius436|Gunther, King of the Franks, learns of Walther’s presence on his territory and, despite Hagen’s warnings, decides to pursue him for his treasure (436–488)]]
*** [[Waltharius489|Walther makes his camp in a mountainous area and goes to sleep (489–512)]]
*** [[Waltharius513|Gunther and his companions approach Walther’s camp; Hagen unsuccessfully tries to dissuade the king from attacking it (513–531)]]
*** [[Waltharius532|Hildegund sees the Franks approaching and wakes Walther, who calms her fears and prepares for battle; he recognizes Hagen from a distance (532–571)]]
*** [[Waltharius571|Hagen persuades Gunther to try diplomacy before using force (571–580)]]
*** [[Waltharius581|Camalo is sent as a messenger to Walther, who offers to make Gunther a gift in return for allowing his passage (581–616)]]
*** [[Waltharius617|Hagen counsels Gunther to accept the offer, but Gunther rejects this advice, calling him a coward. Insulted, Hagen goes off to a nearby hill (617–639)]]
** Combat (640–1061)
*** [[Waltharius640|1st single combat: Camalo is sent back to Walther, who slays him (640–685)]]
*** [[Waltharius686|2nd single combat: Walther slays Kimo/Scaramund, Camalo’s nephew (686–719)]]
*** [[Waltharius720|Gunther encourages his men (720–724)]]
*** [[Waltharius725|3rd single combat: Walther slays Werinhard, a descendant of the Trojan Pandarus (725–753)]]
*** [[Waltharius754|4th single combat: Walther slays the Saxon Ekivrid, after an exchange of insults (754–780)]]
*** [[Waltharius781|5th single combat: Walther slays Hadawart, after an exchange of insults (781–845)]]
*** [[Waltharius846|Hagen sees his nephew Patavrid going off to fight Walther and laments the evil wreaked on mankind by greed (846–877)]]
*** [[Waltharius878|6th single combat: after trying to dissuade him from fighting, Walther slays Patavrid (878–913)]]
*** [[Waltharius914|7th single combat: Walther slays Gerwitus (914–940)]]
*** [[Waltharius941|Gunther again encourages his men, giving Walther some time to rest (941–961)]]
*** [[Waltharius962|8th single combat: Walther is shorn of his hair by Randolf, whom he then slays (962–981)]]
*** [[Waltharius981|Walther is attacked by Eleuthir/Helmnot, assisted by Trogus, Tanastus, and Gunther; he slays all but Gunther (981–1061)]]
* The Final Combat (1062–1452)
** '''Gunther tries to persuade Hagen to help him to defeat Waltharius; remembering his wounded honor, Hagen refuses (1062–1088)'''
** [[Waltharius1089|Hagen changes his mind and agrees to help Gunther, but advises that they must lie low wait until Walther comes down from the mountains into open ground (1089–1129)]]
** [[Waltharius1130|Walther decides to spend the night in the mountains. He rematches the severed heads with the bodies of his victims, prays for their souls, then sleeps (1130–1187)]]
** [[Waltharius1188|The following day, Walther and Hildegund set out from the mountains, taking the horses and arms of the defeated warriors (1188–1207)]]
** [[Waltharius1208|Hildegund perceives Gunther and Hagen approaching to attack; the king addresses Walther (1208–1236)]]
** [[Waltharius1237|Walther ignores Gunther and pleads with Hagen to remember the bond of their childhood friendship; Hagen counters that Walther has already broken their faith by slaying Patavrid (1237–1279)]]
** [[Waltharius1280|The fight begins and continues for seven hours; Gunther foolishly tries to retrieve a thrown spear from the ground near Walther and is only saved from death by Hagen’s brave intervention (1280–1345)]]
** [[Waltharius1346|Walther challenges Hagen; he severs Gunther’s leg, but Hagen again saves the king’s life (1346–1375)]]
** [[Waltharius1376|Hagen cuts off Walther’s right hand; Walther gouges out one of Hagen’s eyes and, cutting open his cheek, knocks out four teeth (1376–1395)]]
** [[Waltharius1396|Having wounded each other, the warriors end the battle, drink together, and engage in a friendly exchange of humorous taunt (1396–1442)]]
** [[Waltharius1443|The warriors return to their respective homes; Walther marries Hildegund and eventually becomes king of the Aquitainians (1443–1452)]]
* [[Waltharius1453|Epilogue (1453–1456)]]}}
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|[[Waltharius1089|next »]]
|[[Waltharius1062English|English]]
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